Happy Monday!

It’s one of the biggest days of the year for music fans, with the 66th annual Grammy Awards taking place in LA today. The awards kick off from midday AEDT, and will be hosted by Trevor Noah (for the fourth time in a row).

We’ll be crossing our fingers for Aussie nominees Troye Sivan and Kylie Minogue!

Quote of the day
“I’m an honest person. I am upfront.” - Prime Minister Anthony Albanese on ABC’s Insiders yesterday when asked about the Government’s changes to Stage 3 tax cuts.

Stat of the day
92
The number of fires actively burning in Chile, as firefighters struggle to contain the blazes that have so far killed 51 people and destroyed up to 43,000 hectares of land.

Today in history
62 CE
An earthquake strikes the city of Pompeii in what’s now Italy. It was the first warning sign of the volcanic eruption that would bury the city 17 years later.

Some headlines from this morning:

• A coalition of U.S. and UK forces, along with support from several other nations including Australia, have conducted strikes on at least 30 Houthi targets in Yemen in response to ongoing attacks in the Red Sea. It is the third round of U.S. and UK airstrikes against Houthi targets in Yemen since the first on 11 Jan. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin said: “We will not hesitate to defend lives and the free flow of commerce in one of the world's most critical waterways.”

• New data from Clean Up Australia’s annual rubbish report shows vape litter doubled from 2022 to 2023. The report provides a snapshot of Australia's waste, based on litter collected across 1356 locations by more than 1 million Australians. Vape rubbish was found across 22% of surveyed sites between July 2022 and July 2023, which is up from 10% of sites for the previous year. The report found plastics make up 81% of Australian litter, with soft plastic rubbish on the rise.

Young Australians can now live and work in the United Kingdom for three years.

Under an initiative that came into effect last week, Australians aged 18-35 became eligible to add an extra year to their working holiday visas.

Extending the previous two-year visa was part of a 2021 free trade deal signed by the Australian and UK governments.

New visa rules
Under previous working holiday visa conditions, Australians aged 18-30 could apply to live and work in the UK for up to two years.

Eligible Australians on a current two-year visa can now extend their stay by another year. Visas granted under the new agreement will include three years of working rights in the UK.

The same changes will apply to young British travellers coming to Australia.

Trade deal
The free trade agreement was signed by then-Prime Minister Scott Morrison and British counterpart Boris Johnson in 2021 and came into effect last year.

It included a commitment to lift all trade taxes paid on UK exports to Australia over six years. It also removed over 99% of tariffs on Australian goods entering the UK.

The Australian Government has been pursuing a free trade deal with the European Union since 2018. Talks collapsed in October after another round of failed negotiations, with any agreement unlikely until next year.

Australia will introduce new concussion guidelines in line with regulations in the United Kingdom and New Zealand.

The Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) protocols set out procedures for youth and community sports groups in the event of a concussion.

The guidelines say anyone under 19 should wait at least two weeks after concussion symptoms subside before returning to training, and at least three weeks before returning to competitive contact sport.

Concussion
‘Concussion’ is a traumatic brain injury usually caused by a blow to the head and often associated with contact sports, like football codes.

Severe concussions can lead to Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), a neurodegenerative disorder that can cause severe mental ill-health.

Signs of CTE often don’t show up until years after injuries occur. It has been diagnosed in many former athletes, including former AFL and AFLW players, who have died by suicide. CTE can only be definitively diagnosed posthumously.

Junior athletes
The guidelines set out a framework for the best practices to respond to concussions.

The AIS recommended “a more conservative approach” to concussion recovery for junior athletes, noting that “children and adolescents take longer to recover from concussion than adults”.

It suggested 24-48 hours of rest before slowly easing into everyday activities. If symptoms ease, low-intensity exercise is encouraged in the days after a concussion before a gradual return to work or school.

Return to sport
The guidelines recommend health professionals clear athletes of all ages before returning to training.

High-performance adult athletes can be cleared for an earlier return if approved by a concussion rehabilitation specialist.

However, the AIS advised a more conservative approach for athletes who experience multiple concussions within a short time.

Multiple knocks
The AIS didn’t detail specific next steps for athletes with multiple concussions, due to the distinct nature of each case.

However, it recommended a “starting point” of 28 days symptom-free before returning to contact training. It called for athletes who suffer two concussions within three months to be banned from play for six weeks.

It also urged any athlete with more than two concussions within 12 months to consider skipping a season of contact sport.

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Social media CEOs headed to Washington, D.C. last week for a grilling from the U.S. Senate over online child abuse. In today’s deep dive, we find out what the government expects from social media giants, and what tech bosses say they’re doing to keep kids safe online.

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Sea otter populations are bouncing back from a period of decline, with numbers on the rise.

According to the journal Nature, several otter species have been found in expanded habitats, like river otters living on oyster reefs. Researchers also found that sea otters are now living in estuaries — where a freshwater river or stream connects to the ocean – helping to reduce erosion along coastal wetlands.

Is it a plane? Is it a drone? Is it a spy?

No, it’s a pigeon — one that was detained in India for eight months after police thought it was a spy.

In May last year, police found the pigeon with an “illegible message written on her wings”, according to the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA). Police suspected the bird was a spy and seized it for examination.

After no further suspicions, permission was granted months later to release the healthy pigeon.

PETA India Director Poorva Joshipura said the organisation is “grateful to the veterinary hospital for caring for this pigeon for so many months and working to get her on her way back home.”